In first political resolution on war-torn Syria, Security Council gives UN major role in seeking peace

Meeting at Foreign Minister level, the Council asked Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon to convene Government and opposition representatives in formal negotiations early next month on a political transition as a step to lasting peace, in line with the 2012 Geneva Communiqué and consistent with the 14 November 2015 International Syria Support Group (ISSG) on the issue.

The resolution was adopted unanimously after Ban briefed the 15-member body on his meeting earlier in the day with the International Syria Support Group, comprised of the Arab League, the European Union, the United Nations, and 17 countries, including the United States and Russia, which has been seeking a path forward for several months.

“As the first resolution to focus on the political path to resolving the crisis, this marks a very important step on which we must build,” the Secretary-General told the Council, calling on ISSG States to pressure the sides to immediately implement confidence-building measures, including an end to the use of indiscriminate weapons against civilians, unimpeded access for aid convoys and the release of all detainees.

“We see a country in ruins, millions of its people scattered across the world, and a whirlwind of radicalism and sectarianism that challenges regional and global security,” he said.

The Council called for a Syrian-led political process facilitated by the UN to establish within six months “credible, inclusive and non-sectarian governance,” setting a schedule for drafting a new constitution, with free and fair elections to be held within 18 months under UN supervision with all Syrians, including members of the diaspora, eligible to vote.

It acknowledged the close linkage between a ceasefire and a parallel political process, with the former to come into effect as soon as the sides have begun initial steps towards a political transition under UN auspices.

The resolution asked Ban through the offices of his Special Envoy Staffan de Mistura to determine the modalities of a ceasefire and plan to support its implementation, while urging Member States, in particular members of the ISSG, to accelerate all efforts to achieve a ceasefire, including through pressing all relevant parties to adhere to one.

Emphasizing the need for a ceasefire monitoring and verification mechanism, the Council asked Ban to report back to it on options with a month, and called on Member States to provide “expertise and in-kind contributions” to support such a mechanism.

It reiterated previous calls for Member States to suppress terrorist acts by Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), Al-Nusra Front and all others with Al Qaeda, ISIL and other terrorist groups.

The resolution also called on the parties to immediately allow rapid and safe access throughout Syria for immediate humanitarian aid to reach all people in need, and to release arbitrarily detained persons, particularly women and children.

Finally, it demanded that all parties immediately cease attacks against civilians, including medical facilities and personnel and the indiscriminate use of weapons, including shelling and aerial bombardment, and stressed the “critical need to build conditions for the safe and voluntary return of refugees and internally displaced persons to their home areas.”

Addressing the Council before the resolution’s adoption Ban specifically recognized “the statesmanship” of U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry and Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, both present at today’s meeting.

“The United Nations stands ready to undertake these important tasks,” he said. “As the Government and opposition delegations are getting ready, the United Nations stands ready to relaunch intra-Syrian talks.” he added calling for full participation of women in the talks.

“The people of Syria have suffered enough. I call for you to show vision and leadership in overcoming your differences. A fleeting opportunity for peace has emerged; your duty is to seize it,” said the UN chief.

UN Photo/Rick Bajornas